ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE NUMBER OF PENSIONERS AT NATIONAL AND REGIONAL LEVEL
-
Authors:
• Brînduşa Mihaela Radu,, email: bmradu@yahoo.com , Afiliation: Athenaeum University, Bucharest, RomaniaPages:
• 9|19 -
Keywords: pension categories, number of pensioners, defined contributions, social security
-
Abstract:
Pension systems are going through a period of crisis all over the world. Many countries in the European Union, among others, have impressive costs—generally over 8-10% of GDP—just to keep a component of the social insurance system afloat, namely that of providing the necessary income after exit from the labor market. However, the situation is much more difficult, more complex, especially in perspective. In the conditions of the “peculiarities of the inherited pension system” and the factors that inevitably affect the century we are passing through (the aging of the population, the reduction of the active population, the macroeconomic problems mainly of the countries in transition, etc.) the budget necessary to ensure the payment of pensions as a share of the GDP is anticipates that it will double in 40-50 years. Most countries have already started pension reform processes or at least are planning such changes / for the next periods. Although the problems are apparently the same, the directions of change, even if sometimes convergent, are different. A decade ago, the primary reform approach discussed and implemented was generally parametric (modification of retirement ages, replacement rates, etc.). The present study describes the framework in which previous or anticipated changes have taken place and are likely to take place in the future, in order to be able to design a coherent and effective policy in the field of pensions. Pension systems globally—across various levels of development, political experiences, and governance systems—face challenges that will inevitably become chronic in the coming years.
